One of the most complex systems in your car is the engine, probably the most complex car system. The suspension is also up there with the engine which despite having a simple task, it's not as straightforward as it may seem. There are many different components that make up the suspension and they all impact your ride.
Replacing one part can make or break your vehicle's riding comfort, handling, and even safety. While people mainly replace the shocks, there is a certain type of upgrade that makes a big difference in all three of the above-mentioned factors. This involves switching to air suspension. With air bag suspension the waftiness you get and the adjustability over your ride is unprecedented.
Main Components of an Air Suspension System
Airbags
The most obvious component an air suspension has is an airbag or rather an air spring. The airbag doesn't rely completely on air to support your vehicle instead it uses a pneumatic spring instead of a coil. A proper airbag suspension setup employs the two types of bag designs, sleeves and convoluted bags.
The former are found on the rear wheels as they can provide more clearance and are smaller in diameter. Convoluted suspension air bags are larger in diameter and thus provide a high load capacity while having a more progressive spring rate. This means they also have a shorter stroke than sleeves.
Tanks
In order for air suspension to work you need to have a supply of air at the ready. This is where tanks are used to store air and send it to the suspension air bags. Air tanks were once made of steel but nowadays they are made of alloy which makes them lighter. Remember the bigger the tank the heavier your car will get but also the more air you will be able to supply the springs.
Shocks
Nowadays it's common to see an air ride kit come with shock absorbers. Although shocks are not as adjustable as airbags when the two are combined they make for a perfect match. You get the adjustability of suspension air bags and the stability of shock absorbers.
Compressor
In order to keep the tank filled with air, your air suspension needs a 12V compressor. This is a small unit that is able to fill the tank quickly and maintain the pressure inside it. Keep in mind that air compressors can be noisy and they need to put the right amount of pressure into the tank in order for your air suspension to work.
Valves
Although supplying air to the airbags is crucial, controlling the flow of air is part of it. This is where valves come into play as they help regulate the air coming from the tank to the bags. Valves also help get rid of air when you lower your vehicle. There are systems with paddle valves that help you adjust your car's riding height by the flick of a switch.
Solenoids
If you want a more sophisticated version of paddle valves then you should go with solenoids. A solenoid is basically a control unit that relies on electrically operated valves. This eliminates the need to run airlines up to the cabin.
How Air Suspension is Installed
1. To install air bag suspension on your car you need to have a jack, jack stands, a basic set of tools, the kit, adequate sockets, and a ratchet. With some eye protection on, put the jack under your car and lift it up. Once your vehicle is secured on the jack stands remove its tyres.
2. Next, remove the struts and coil springs and prepare your vehicle for the addition of air suspension. In case this is a complete overhaul, you'll need to accommodate the compressor by removing the spare tire and installing it in its place.
3. With all of the above done, continue by installing the rear air springs. This way you will provide support for the vehicle throughout the whole process. Next, install the front air struts so they provide support for the front of the vehicle.
4. Once you're done with the struts, install the air compressor and tank, preferably in the spare tire well. If you have free space somewhere else then go for that option. Once mounted securely, wire the compressor both with power and air.
5. When you're done with the wires and airlines inspect the whole setup. Check the fasteners and airlines and make sure to turn on the system so that you check for any air leaks. This should be done before you take your vehicle for a drive.
Conclusion
No matter how big or how heavy your car is, having a smooth and comfortable riding experience is something you can achieve. With the right type of airbag suspension system and the patience to install it, you will enjoy going on longer journeys more than ever before. Just don't forget to bring your favourite snacks along for the ride.
